Date de publication : 2001
 Editeur : Kivekäs P. - Helsinski
 ISBN : 9979-9476-5-9
 Nombre de pages : 272
 Format : 21,5 x 28,5 cm

Un livre très complet Qui nous Présente la faune et la flore de l’Arctique. Pour ceux qui lisent l’anglais, ce livre contient une mine de renseignements scientifiques. Il date de 2001 et est édité par le CAFF pour la conservation de la faune et de la fore de l’Arctique. Il contient de nombreux tableaux des espèces avec la correspondance de leurs noms en anglais, latin et russe.

1. INTRODUCTION

• The Report
• Defining the Arctic
  • Box 1. The mission of CAFF
  • Box 2. The Arctic Council

2. ECOLOGY

• Climate
  • Shaping thé climate
  • Characteristics of thé Arctic climate
  • Box 3. Snow : physics, ecology, and climate change
  • Spatial climatic variation
  • Climate variation with time
  • Box 4. The effects ofpast climates in theé North American Arctic
• Life in thé Arctic
  • The physical setting
  • Box 5. The North Atlantic Oscillation and reindeer husbandry
  • Responding to climate
  • Finding favorable habitats
  • Box 6. Variations in snow cover affectplants
  • Box 7. How land animais adapt to cold and snow
  • Box 8. Insect adaptations in thé High Arctic
  • Box 9. Stayingwarm in a cold climate
  • The importance of movement
  • Ecological relationships
  • Box 10. The volcanic island Surtsey : a natural experiment in colonization
  • Box 11. The rôle offungi
  • Ecosystem relationships
  • Box 12. The Arctic as a theater of évolution
• The Concept of Biodiversity in thé Arctic
  • Box 13. Microbes everywhere
  • Box 14. The diversity ofarctic char
  • Box 15. North-south trends in terrestrial species diversity 3. HUMANS
• The First People
  • Box 16. Driftwood in thé Arctic
  • Box 17. Reindeer and thépeopling ofthe Yamal
• Later Migrations
• Modem Development
  • Box 18. Northern farming in a long-term perspective
• Political Development
• Current Settlement Patterns
  • Box 19. Co-management in the Inuvialuit Settlement Région
  • Box 20. Environ-mental impacts of diamond mining in the Canadian Arctic
• Use of Living Resources
  • Box 21. Showing respect for caribou
  • Box 22. Why pine trees hâve différent names : a Khanty folk taie
• Cultural Significance of the Environment
  • Box 23. The use of wildplants in northern Russia

4. CONSERVATION

• Habitat
  • The rôle of smaller areas
  • Box 24. The Circumpolar Protected Areas Network (CPAN)
• Wildlife
  • Box 25. Protected areas in northern Fennoscandia : an important corridor for taiga species
  • Box 26. Protecting the Lena Delta-an example of the rapid growth of protected areas in Russia
  • Box 27. Threats to Arctic biodiversity — overview
  • Economie importance of harvests
• Industrial and Commercial Development
  • Box 28. Unsustainable take of murres in Greenland
  • Box 29. CAFF International Murre Conservation Strategy and Action Plan
  • Box 30. Success with geese : proof that conservation is working ?
• Diffuse Threats
  • Box 31. Oil development impacts on the North Slope of Alaska
  • Box 32. Habitat fragmentation : a threat to Arctic biodiversity and wilderness
  • Box 33. Impacts of infrastructure : the Arctic 2050 scénario
• Understanding
  • Box 34. Preserving sacred sites in the Russian Arctic
  • Box 35. Climate and caribou : Inuit knowledge of the impacts of climate change
  • Box 36. Tourism — threat or benefit to conservation ?
  • Box 37. Alien invasive species : a threat to global and Arctic biodiversity
  • Box 38. International légal instruments for conservation
  • Box 39. U.S./Russia bilatéral agreement on polar bears breaks new ground in international conservation

5. FROM FOREST TO TUNDRA

• The region
• Key characteristics
• Functionality
• Interactions with other regions
  • Box 40. Mountain birch and the Nordic treeline
  • Box 4l. Paludification, fire, and topography structure the northern forest
• Natural variability
• Human uses and impacts
  • Box 42. Ary-Mas : an island of remnan tforest
  • Box 43. The introduced Nootka lupine in Iceland : benefit or threat ?
  • Box 44. Management and biodiversity in Fennoscandian timberline forests
• Climate change
• Conservation

6. THE TUNDRA AND THE POLAR DESERT

• The région
  • Box 45. The tundra and polar désert : dissimilarities between North America and Eurasia
• Key characteristics
  • Box 46. Décomposition ensures recycling of nutrients
  • Box 47. Mires and wetlands
  • Box 48. Mosquitoes
• Functionality
  • Box 49. Lemmings : key actors in the tundra food web
• Interactions with other régions
  • Box 50. Parasitism : an underestimated stressor of Arctic fauna ?
  • Box 51. Sandpipers : birds of the tundra
• Natural variability
• Human uses and impacts
  • Box 52. Erosion in Iceland
• Climate change
  • Box 53. Peary Caribou : extreme demands on an endangered caribou
  • Box 54. Rare endémie vascular plants of the Arctic
• Conservation

7. RIVERS, LAKES, AND WETLANDS

• The région
• Key characteristics
  • Box 55. Conserving arctic char
• Functionality
  • Box 56. Freshwater food webs
• Interactions with other régions
• Natural variability
  • Box 57. The Atlantic salmon : a species in trouble
• Human uses and impacts
  • Box 58. Food web contaminants in Arctic freshwater
  • Box 59. The Lake Myvatn ecosystem : many uses, many threats
• Climate change
• Conservation

8. THE OCEANS AND SEAS

• The région
• Key characteristics
  • Box 60. The BIOICE Research Program maps benthic biodiversity
  • Box 6l. Vent and seep communities on the Arctic seafloor
• Functionality
• Interactions with other régions
  • Box 62. Life within sea ice
  • Box 63. Living water in the frozen Arctic : the Great Siberian Polynya
• Natural variability
  • Box 64. The Anadyr Current and ocean productivity in the Bering Strait area
• Human uses and impacts
  • Box 65. Beluga whale huntingin Russia
  • Box 66. The interaction of climate and fish stocks in the Barents Sea
  • Box 67. Bycatch : a threat to seabirds in Arctic waters
  • Box 68 Impacts of trawlingon seabed animais and habitats
  • Box 69. Seabirds, foxes, and rats : conservation challenges on Bering Sea islands
• Climate change
• Conservation

9. STATUS AND TRENDS IN SPECIES AND POPULATIONS

• • Box 70. Black fuillemots in Iceland : a case-history of population changes
• Population Levels and Trends
• Marine mammals
• Seabirds
• Marine fishes
• Terrestrial mammals
• Terrestrial birds
  • Box 71. Population fluctuations in Svalbard reindeer
  • Box 72. Wolves
  • Box 73. Wolverine
  • Box 74. Brown bear
• Shorebirds
• Passerines
  • Box 75. Muskoxen
• Globally Threatened Species

10. CONCLUSIONS

• Ecology
  • Humans
  • Overexploitation
  • Habitat disturbance
  • Biological disturbance
  • Contamination and pollution
  • Climate change
  • Knowledge gaps
  • Conservation
• List of English and Russian common names and Latin scientific
• names of species mentioned in this book
• List of Figures
• List of Tables